AAFC Aviation Proficiency Practice Exam – Practice Test & Study Guide

The elevator is the primary control surface responsible for controlling the pitch of an aircraft. Pitch refers to the up and down movement of the aircraft's nose. When the pilot manipulates the elevator, typically located on the tail of the aircraft, it alters the angle of the tail relative to the wing and can raise or lower the aircraft's nose. By pulling back on the control yoke or stick, the elevator moves upwards, causing the tail to drop and the nose to rise, which results in a climb. Conversely, pushing forward lowers the elevator, causing the tail to rise and the nose to drop, which results in a descent.

In contrast, ailerons are used primarily for controlling roll, which affects the aircraft's lateral balance during flight. The rudder controls yaw, allowing for coordination in turns and maintaining directional stability. Flaps are used to increase lift during takeoff and landing but do not control pitch. Understanding the function of each control surface is crucial for effective aircraft handling and performance.